![]() High friction is undesirable because of the extra mechanical energy that has to be consumed to overcome it, leading to energy losses. Wear and friction remain the two most critical and long-standing issues in moving mechanical systems/devices (MMSDs) at all length scales ( 1– 3). We report the discovery of many fundamental parameters that govern contact sliding and reveal how tuning atomic intermixing at interfaces and varying carbon and SiN x thicknesses strongly affect friction and wear, which are crucial for advancing numerous technologies. ![]() Using an enhanced atomic intermixing approach, we develop a ~7- to 8-nm-thick carbon/silicon nitride (C/SiN x) multilayer overcoat demonstrating extremely high wear resistance and low friction at all tribological length scales, yielding ~2 to 10 times better macroscale wear durability than previously reported thicker (~20 to 100 nm) overcoats on tape drive heads. While sub-10-nm overcoats are of key interest, traditional overcoats suffer from rapid wear and degradation at this thickness regime. Usually, thicker overcoats serve to combat such tribological concerns, but in many contact sliding systems, their large thickness hinders active components of the systems, degrades functionality, and constitutes a major barrier for technological developments. ![]() Friction and wear cause energy wastage and system failure. ![]()
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March 2023
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